How do UTIs affect pregnancy? How can I prevent UTIs? You can take steps to help prevent a UTI. But you may follow these steps and still get a UTI. Urinate when you need to. Don't go without urinating for longer than three or four hours. The longer urine stays in the bladder, the more time bacteria have to grow. Try to urinate before and after sex. Always wipe from front to back. Try to drink six to eight glasses of fluid per day. Clean the anus and the outer lips of your genitals each day.
Do not douche or use feminine hygiene sprays. If you get a lot of UTIs and use creams that kill sperm spermicides , talk to your doctor or nurse about using a different form of birth control instead. Wear underpants with a cotton crotch. Avoid tight-fitting pants, which trap moisture, and change out of wet bathing suits and workout clothes quickly. Take showers, or limit baths to 30 minutes or less.
Can cranberry juice help prevent UTIs? Studies on whether cranberry juice or products prevent or treat UTIs show mixed results. Did we answer your question about UTIs?
Sources Bergamin, P. Non-surgical management of recurrent urinary tract infections in women. Foxman, B. Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: Incidence, morbidity, and economic costs.
American Journal of Medicine; Suppl. Arnold, J. Common questions about recurrent urinary tract infections in women. American Family Physician; 93 7 : Najar, M. Approach to urinary tract infections. Indian Journal of Nephrology; 19 4 : Minardi, D. Urinary tract infections in women: etiology and treatment options. International Journal of General Medicine; 4: What are the symptoms of a bladder infection?
Pallett, A. Complicated urinary tract infections: practical solutions for the treatment of multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy; 65 Suppl.
Karmon, A. The relationship between urinary tract infection during pregnancy and preeclampsia: causal, confounded or spurious? Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics; 6 : Dason, S. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of recurrent urinary tract infection in women. Canadian Urological Association Journal; 5 5 : If a person has recurrent UTIs, a doctor may request further diagnostic testing to determine if anatomical issues or functional issues are to blame.
Such tests may include:. UTIs in men are rare. The incidence for men under the age of 50 years is between 5 and 8 men in every 10, The risk of infection increases with age. For men, however, the prostate is also at risk of infection. A man with a circumcised penis is less likely to get a UTI that a man who has not undergone circumcision. As UTIs are normally caused by bacteria, they are most commonly treated with antibiotics or antimicrobials.
The type of medication and length of treatment will depend on the symptoms and medical history of the individual. The full course of treatment should always be completed for UTIs to make sure that the infection is fully clear, and to reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance. UTI symptoms can disappear before the infection has completely gone.
Drinking lots of fluids and frequently urinating are always recommended for people who have UTIs as this helps to flush out the bacteria. A variety of pain relief medications may be prescribed to alleviate pain. Applying a heating pad to the back or abdomen can also help. An uncomplicated UTI is one that occurs in an otherwise healthy person with a normal clear urinary tract. These can usually be cured with 2 to 3 days of treatment. A complicated UTI is one that occurs in a person who is weakened by another condition, such as pregnancy or heart transplant.
Complicated UTIs tend to require longer periods of antibiotics, usually between 7 to 14 days. To cure a UTI that is caused by problems within the urinary system, the underlying issue needs to be found and corrected. If left untreated, these infections can lead to kidney damage. If the person is seriously ill, they may need to be admitted to a hospital to ensure that they take in sufficient fluids and receive the right medication.
People may also need to go to the hospital if they are one of the following:. Drinking fluids and urinating frequently can help flush bacteria from the body, and using a heated pad for short periods can help to relieve discomfort. Cranberry extracts do not help treat existing UTIs but may help prevent their development. This is because cranberries contain compounds called proanthocyanidins that prevent E. In a large meta-analysis, researchers found that women with recurrent UTIs who took cranberry over 12 months had a 35 percent reduction in infections.
Another large clinical trial found that milligrams mg of cranberry extract taken daily for 6 months reduced the rate of UTI to the same extent as mg of trimethoprim, an antibiotic, without posing a risk of antimicrobial resistance or super-infection in women with recurrent UTIs.
Your kidneys, located in the rear portion of your upper abdomen, produce urine by filtering waste and fluid from your blood. A urinary tract infection UTI is an infection in any part of your urinary system — your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Most infections involve the lower urinary tract — the bladder and the urethra. Women are at greater risk of developing a UTI than are men. Infection limited to your bladder can be painful and annoying. However, serious consequences can occur if a UTI spreads to your kidneys.
Doctors typically treat urinary tract infections with antibiotics. But you can take steps to reduce your chances of getting a UTI in the first place. Urinary tract infections don't always cause signs and symptoms, but when they do they may include:. UTIs may be overlooked or mistaken for other conditions in older adults. Each type of UTI may result in more-specific signs and symptoms, depending on which part of your urinary tract is infected.
Contact your doctor if you have signs and symptoms of a UTI. Urinary tract infections typically occur when bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra and begin to multiply in the bladder. Although the urinary system is designed to keep out such microscopic invaders, these defenses sometimes fail.
When that happens, bacteria may take hold and grow into a full-blown infection in the urinary tract. The most common UTIs occur mainly in women and affect the bladder and urethra. Infection of the bladder cystitis. However, sometimes other bacteria are responsible. Sexual intercourse may lead to cystitis, but you don't have to be sexually active to develop it. All women are at risk of cystitis because of their anatomy — specifically, the short distance from the urethra to the anus and the urethral opening to the bladder.
Urinary tract infections are common in women, and many women experience more than one infection during their lifetimes. Risk factors specific to women for UTIs include:. When treated promptly and properly, lower urinary tract infections rarely lead to complications.
But left untreated, a urinary tract infection can have serious consequences.
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