Dr Tobin said Muamba was given two defibrillator shocks on the pitch, one in the players' tunnel and a further 12 in the ambulance on the way to hospital but none worked. The doctor said it was only when medics at London Chest Hospital took over that the situation began to sink in.
He added: "I went into the corridor and cried. I know him, know his family, joke with him every day. Tottenham club doctor Shabaaz Mughal was among those who rushed to Muamba's aid. He said: "He appeared to take a couple of gasps but was then unresponsive. The pair were further helped by Dr Andrew Deaner, Consultant Cardiologist at London Chest Hospital, who was at the game as a fan, and ran on to the pitch to lend his expertise. You always hope that, if you have a defibrillator and get there quickly, they will respond to at least two or three shocks.
The longer the resuscitation, the less the chances of survival. But this is a very fit year-old and those attending him are trained in CPR. Sharma told the Observer that the decision to take Muamba to the London Chest Hospital in Bethnal Green — almost eight miles away — rather than, as had been planned, the North Middlesex, much nearer White Hart Lane, may have helped to save the footballer's life.
The amazing thing is that he persuaded the ambulance to change plans: ambulancemen don't normally like to do that. But it was vital, I think. Bethnal Green has equipment which can make a great difference. Ambulances don't have them, and the other hospital wouldn't have. It was a difficult journey through north London. One of the vehicle's paramedics apparently had to hold the waist of Bolton's doctor, Tobin, while he fought to administer available drugs to available veins, because the pitchside doctor still had on his football boots, and studs slip on metal.
A further 12 defibs were carried out during the journey. And thankful that there was so much expertise, and will. It's physical. Often you have to ask someone to take over. But it's crucial, in the early minutes — CPR keeps something pumping, and with a lack of oxygen any organ soon starts to die, the heart and brain needing the most, and the quickest.
If it's allowed to conk out, it's the end. Shortly after 7pm, the ambulance slewed around the last corner in Bethnal Green. The London Chest Hospital has teams of cardiologists, brain specialists, and something that they call "intensitists".
Some had been listening to the match on the radio, and wondering whether they might get the call to readiness. The journey had been six miles longer, on a Saturday teatime, than it might had the ambulance made a routine trip to the North Middlesex, were it not for the intervention of Deaner.
According to him: "We went straight into the lab and I put a bigger line into a vein under his shoulder blade and quickly scrubbed up. We got access to arteries and a bigger vein and carried on giving shocks and drugs.
Muamba's team physician, Jonathan Tobin, was suddenly out of the loop. Against all expectations, Muamba regained consciousness on the Monday after his collapse.
He recognised his fiancee, Shauna Magunda, and asked after their son Joshua. Within hours he had talked to a team-mate and expressed dismay to his father that his collapse caused the match to be abandoned. It did not start beating again for another 78 minutes. But his life was saved thanks to quick thinking from both the Spurs and Bolton medical teams at pitch-side, aided by consultant cardiologist Andrew Deaner, who had been watching the game as a fan. In total, Muamba was given 15 joule shocks: two on the pitch, one in the tunnel, and 12 in the ambulance en route to East London.
What does Muamba remember of that day? I warmed up as normal, I was playing as normal. The cardiac arrest ended his professional football career, but six years later, Muamba, a father of two, has gained perspective.
According to the National Institute for Health Research, the chance of someone surviving a cardiac arrest in a public space is around 30 per cent, but when there is a defibrillator and someone trained to use it present, that chance can increase to 80 per cent.
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